Patellofemoral pain syndrome
Patellofemoral pain syndrome or “runner's knee” is a complex of symptoms of knee discomfort, swelling or clicking that comes from excessive or imbalance forces acting on the knee. Normal patellar tracking requires the static and dynamic stabilizers to act together. If there are imbalances between the muscles, the forces going through the knee can become distorted and overload different structures. Variations in hip and foot mechanics can also change the forces going through the knee. Underlying core stability issues can also perpetuate patellofemoral pain syndrome. (1)
Individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome often feel dull pain above or around the knee that is made worse with activities that load the knee like walking, running, squatting, jumping, kneeling, or going down stairs. Swelling may also be present. Some experience a feeling of locking or giving way.
A multimodal approach creates the best results for patellofemoral pain syndrome. Foot orthotics are used to correct any changes in foot mechanics. Many individuals need coaching on proper mechanics during running and squatting. Myofascial release is used on tight muscles to increase flexibility. Rehabilitative exercises are used to create proper stability and synergy of activity around the knee. Manipulation of restricted joints can improve pain, position sense, balance and global mechanics. (2)
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Chaudhari AM, Van Horn MR, Montfort SM, Pan X, Onate JA, Best TM. Reducing Core Stability Influences Lower Extremity Biomechanics in Novice Runners. MEdicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2019 Dec 17.
Montealleh A, Barzegar A, Abbasi L. The immediate effect of lumbopelvic manipulation on knee pain, knee position sense and balance in patients with patellofemoral pain: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies. 2020 Feb 6.